2016考研英語(yǔ)：閱讀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人文章（一）

　　摘要：每年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀篇章很多都取材于經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人，因此2016年考研一定要從基礎(chǔ)打好，穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打。下面分享《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》文章，希望大家能夠多看、多練，提升閱讀能力!

　　German politics
　　德國(guó)政治
　　Gone boy on the right
　　消失的極右領(lǐng)袖
　　How an anti-foreigner, anti-establishment group ischanging German politics
　　一個(gè)反移民、反伊斯蘭化組織如何改變德國(guó)政治
　　Bachmann: only joking, honest
　　巴赫曼：真的只是玩笑罷了

　　THE march on January 19th in Dresden by Pegida, or “Patriotic Europeans against theIslamisation of the Occident”, would have been its 13th. But it was cancelled because the policehad “concrete” information of plans to assassinate its organiser, Lutz Bachmann. On January21st Mr Bachmann was exposed in German tabloids for posing as Hitler on his Facebook page.He called it a joke, but later resigned his position. Pegida plans to resume its marches nextweek.
　　1月19日，在德累斯頓爆發(fā)了一場(chǎng)由Pegida(或者稱作“愛(ài)國(guó)歐洲人反對(duì)西方的伊斯蘭化”)發(fā)起的游行。本來(lái)這次游行應(yīng)該在13號(hào)舉行，但是由于警方獲知了刺殺該運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖盧茨巴赫曼行動(dòng)的“詳細(xì)”信息而被取消。1月21日，巴赫曼因?yàn)樵?ldquo;臉書(shū)”(Facebook)上傳其模仿希特勒的照片而被德國(guó)小報(bào)爭(zhēng)相報(bào)道。他聲稱這只是一個(gè)玩笑，但是隨后他宣布辭職。Pegida計(jì)劃下周恢復(fù)游行。
　　Among its followers, despite Mr Bachmann's antics, neo-Nazis are a small minority. The typicalmarcher is a middle-aged, middle-class Saxon man who, says Hans Vorl?nder at the TechnicalUniversity of Dresden, is alienated from politics and the liberal media, and yearns for ahomogenous fatherland. The marches may have “passed the peak”, adds Dieter Rucht at theBerlin Social Science Centre. Yet there will be political fallout. Nine-tenths of Pegida supportersback the Alternative for Germany (AfD), founded only in 2013 and represented in three easternstate parliaments.
　　在該運(yùn)動(dòng)眾多的追隨者中，除了巴赫曼這種滑稽行為的人，新納粹仍是少數(shù)。據(jù)來(lái)自德?tīng)柕吕鬯诡D技術(shù)大學(xué)的漢斯?福爾蘭德?tīng)栔v，其中有一位的游行示威者是較為典型，他是一個(gè)來(lái)自于薩克森州的中年中產(chǎn)階級(jí)男性，他對(duì)政治和自由媒體漠不關(guān)心，卻呼喚一個(gè)同文同種的父國(guó)。柏林社會(huì)科學(xué)研究中心的Dieter Rucht說(shuō)到，這支游行隊(duì)伍可能已經(jīng)“越過(guò)底線”。也許會(huì)帶來(lái)某些政治后果。 Pegida運(yùn)動(dòng)中有十分之九的支持者擁護(hù)德國(guó)新選項(xiàng)黨(AfD)，該黨于2013年剛剛成立，享有東部三個(gè)州的議會(huì)席位。
　　The AfD began with an anti-euro message. Some leaders, such as Hans- Olaf Henkel, fromHamburg, want to keep it that way. But, especially in the east, the party has used populistinnuendo against asylum-seekers, immigrants and homosexuals. Party elders like AlexanderGauland, in Brandenburg, openly flirt with Pegida. This is straining the AfD, which has threeleaders. Bernd Lucke, an economics professor, favours an anti-euro message; Frauke Petry, abusinesswoman from Saxony, and Konrad Adam, a former journalist, sympathise with Pegida.Mr Lucke wants to lead alone, but Ms Petry and Mr Adam have resisted him. In a compromise,Mr Lucke will take over as boss only next December.
　　德國(guó)新選項(xiàng)黨的興起緣于對(duì)歐元的反對(duì)。一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，包括來(lái)自漢堡的漢斯奧拉夫漢高希望繼續(xù)使用歐元。但是，尤其在德國(guó)東部地區(qū)，該黨利用民粹主義影射政治避難者、移民以及同性戀群體。該黨的前輩——勃蘭登堡的Alexander Gauland公然和Pegida“秀恩愛(ài)”。這使得新選項(xiàng)黨內(nèi)部更加緊張。該黨有三個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)教授Bernd Lucke反對(duì)使用歐元，來(lái)自薩克森州的商人Frauke Petry以及之前是記者同樣支持Pegida的KonradAdam。Lucke希望能夠獨(dú)自領(lǐng)導(dǎo)新選項(xiàng)黨，但是一直受到Petry和Adam的牽制。折中之后，Bernd Lucke只能于明年12月份接任領(lǐng)袖一職。
　　German democracy is responding without hysteria. Marchers against Pegida have recently faroutnumbered those for it. The centre-left Social Democrats and Greens refuse to debate withPegida, and Chancellor Angela Merkel, leader of the centre-right Christian Democrats, hascondemned it. Others are open to dialogue. One Christian Democrat, Jens Spahn, even joineda televised debate with Kathrin Oertel, one of Pegida's organisers.
　　德國(guó)的民主制度對(duì)于這件事情的回應(yīng)十分克制。如今反對(duì)Pegida的游行數(shù)量已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出支持者的游行。中左的社會(huì)民主黨和綠黨拒絕與Pegida對(duì)話，而中右派基督教民主黨領(lǐng)袖——總理默克爾卻譴責(zé)該運(yùn)動(dòng)。其他人則保持開(kāi)放的態(tài)度。Jens Spahn，這位基督教民主黨人士甚至參加了一個(gè)與Pegida組織者之一—KathrinOertel對(duì)話的電視欄目。
　　That was a big step for a group that had previously refused to talk to the media. Its marcherschant “Lügenpresse” (“lying press”), a term once used by the Nazis. Yet on the very day of thecancelled march, Pegida held its first-ever press conference. In the public glare, its leaderstone down their language. When confronted, their counter-arguments seem weak. Asked whySaxons should worry about Islam when only 1% of Saxony's population is Muslim, Ms Oertelsaid some Germans march for the rainforest though Germany has none.
　　這個(gè)舉動(dòng)為那些拒絕在媒體上發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)的黨派邁出了一大步。其游行者高呼曾經(jīng)為納粹使用過(guò)的“Lügenpresse”(“大話新聞”)。然而，就在取消游行的那一天，Pegida舉行了首次新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。萬(wàn)眾矚目下，他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人故意讓自己的語(yǔ)氣緩和。但在面對(duì)質(zhì)疑時(shí)，他們的反駁又顯得無(wú)力。當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他們?yōu)槭裁匆谒_克森州僅有1%的人口是穆斯林的情況要擔(dān)心伊斯蘭教時(shí)，Oertel說(shuō)盡管德國(guó)沒(méi)有熱帶雨林，但仍有德國(guó)人為保護(hù)熱帶雨林而游行。
　　The gradual conflation of the AfD and Pegida is a new and worrying phenomenon. There mustnever be a legitimate party to the right of the CSU, the Christian Democrats' Bavarian sisterparty, said Franz Josef Strauss, a longtime leader of Bavaria, with Germany's Nazi past in mind.Such a party has now arrived, and could enter the Bundestag in 2017.
　　德國(guó)新選項(xiàng)黨和Pegida日益要好著實(shí)是一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的新問(wèn)題。巴伐利亞州的長(zhǎng)期領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者Franz JosefStrauss對(duì)納粹始終耿耿于懷，他認(rèn)為，基社盟作為巴伐利亞的執(zhí)政黨，絕不會(huì)再有第二個(gè)政黨取得像基社盟姐妹黨—基督教民主黨的地位，尤其該黨還有納粹傾向。但是他擔(dān)心的事情似乎已經(jīng)到來(lái)，新選項(xiàng)黨有可能在2017年進(jìn)入聯(lián)邦議院。

　　1.plan to 打算;計(jì)劃
　　例句:Both chambers plan to vote on that policybefore January 15th.
　　兩院都打算在1月15日前對(duì)那一政策進(jìn)行投票表決。
　　2.alienate from 使疏遠(yuǎn);使脫離
　　例句:I hope nothing will ever alienate his brothers from him.
　　我希望沒(méi)有什么事會(huì)使他的兄弟們與他不和。
　　3.begin with 以…開(kāi)始，從…開(kāi)始
　　例句:It was great to begin with but now it's difficult.
　　一開(kāi)始非常好，但現(xiàn)在可就難了。
　　4.want to 想去;想要
　　例句:The difference between who you are and who you want to be is what you do.
　　你是什么樣的人和你想成為什么樣的之間的差距就是，你做了什么。

　　2016年考研復(fù)習(xí)即將進(jìn)入暑期強(qiáng)化階段，希望考生能夠抓住假期，高效備考。

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