英美文學?？济~解釋（3）

　　【摘要】英美文學名詞解釋（3）給大家奉上，前幾篇看的怎么樣了呢？好好鞏固喲！文學類的知識需要理解記憶和重復記憶，加油啦！

　　?41. Epiphany(頓悟)

　　A moment of illumination, usually occurrs at or near the end of a work.

　　頓悟:對現(xiàn)實真諦的頓悟或洞察,通常出現(xiàn)在作品的結(jié)尾.

　　?42. Epitaph(墓志銘)

　　An inscription on a tombstone or in a short poem in memory of someone who has been dead.

　　墓志銘：刻于墓碑上用以懷念死者的碑銘.

　　?43. Epithet (表述詞語)

　　A term used to characterize a person or thing。

　　表述詞語：用來表示某人某物特性的一個表達。

　　?44. Essay (散文)

　　A short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author.

　　散文：內(nèi)容通常論及一個主題的短小文章，通常表達作者個人的觀點

　　?45. Exemplum (說教故事)

　　A tale, usually inserted into the text of a sermon, that illustrates a moral principle.

　　說教故事:一種短小的體現(xiàn)某種道德原則的故事性文章，通常出現(xiàn)在布道文中。

　　?46. Fable (寓言)

　　A brief story that is told to present a moral, or practical lesson.

　　寓言：一種體現(xiàn)某種道德觀念或?qū)嵱脙r值的說教性文章。

　　?47. Farce (輕喜劇)

　　A kind of comedy based on a ridiculous situation, often with stereotyped characters.

　　輕喜劇: 一種以可笑的情節(jié)的為基礎的喜劇，通常包含固定的角色。

　　?48. Figurative Language (象征性語言)

　　Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense.

　　象征性語言：不能直接用字面意義來理解的語言。

　　?49. Figure of Speech (比喻)

　　A word or an expression that is not meant to be interpreted in literal sense.

　　比喻：不能直接按照字面意義理解的詞語或表述方法。

　　?50. Flashback(倒敘)

　　A literary device in which an earlier event is inserted into a narrative.

　　倒敘，閃回鏡頭：一種文學或電影的表現(xiàn)手法，往往在一段按正常時間順序記敘的敘事中插入一件以前發(fā)生過的事情

　　?51. Foil (陪襯)

　　A character who sets off another character by contrast.

　　陪襯：用來反襯其他人物的人物。

　　?52. Foreshadowing (鋪墊)

　　The use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what will happen later.

　　鋪墊：用來預示將要發(fā)生的事情的線索或暗示。

　　?53. Free verse (自由詩體)

　　Verses that has neither a metrical pattern or an regular pattern.

　　自由詩體:既不具格式韻律又不具常規(guī)格律的詩體。

　　?54. hyperbole (夸張法)

　　A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect

　　夸張法：一種比喻，使用夸張來強調(diào)或產(chǎn)生某種效果。

　　?55. Iambic pentameter (五步抑揚格)

　　A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb--that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.

　　五步抑揚格:一種詩句形式，每行詩句包含五個抑揚格音步。

　　?56. Imagery(意象)

　　Words or phrases that create pictures, or images, in readers‘ mind.

　　意象：用來在讀者的思維中喚起某種圖示或形象的詞匯。

　　?57. Incremental repetition (遞進重復)

　　The repetition of a previous line or lines, but with a slight variation each time that advances the narrative stanza by stanza.

　　遞進重復：詩歌中對上文中一行或幾行的重復，但每次重復都有一定的變化，而且每一節(jié)的重復中的敘述都有所強化。

　　?58. Inversion (倒裝句)

　　The technique of reversing, or inverting the normal word order of a sentence.

　　倒裝句：一種將句子正常的表達方法倒置的技巧。

　　?59. Invocation (開篇禱告)

　　A call to a muse, god or spirit for inspiration at the beginning of an epic or other poem.

　　開篇禱告：在史詩或詩歌的開篇企求神靈給予啟示的文字。

　　?60. Irony (反語)

　　A contrast between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually happened.

　　反語：一種建立在字面表述和真實意義上或期待產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果和真實的結(jié)果之間的對比。

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