考研英語(yǔ)閱讀寫作三大主題詞匯總結(jié)

　　摘要：不知大家有沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)，考研英語(yǔ)每年考察的閱讀或者作文都緊跟時(shí)事，考的多是一些最近發(fā)生的事，畢竟不論什么科目，都是為了讓大家更好地了解我們生活的世界。今天幫幫為大家總結(jié)了三大熱門類的詞匯，快收藏備用。

　　一、經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易類

　　現(xiàn)在社會(huì)，什么都離不開經(jīng)濟(jì)，比如一直沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)的“中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”，所有經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易一定是個(gè)很熱門的話題。

　　1.改革產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu) reform the structure of industries

　　2.虧損企業(yè) loss-making enterprises

　　3.搞活企業(yè) enliven enterprises

　　4.加快現(xiàn)代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

　　5.跨國(guó)公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

　　6.鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè) township enterprises

　　7.國(guó)有企業(yè) state-owned enterprises

　　8.合資企業(yè) joint ventures

　　9.解放生產(chǎn)力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

　　10.振興國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì) invigorate our state economy

　　11.實(shí)行股份制 introduce the shareholding system

　　12.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

　　13.提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 improve economic results

　　14.增進(jìn)效益 increase economic returns

　　15.宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控 macro-economic control and management

　　16.經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力 economic strength

　　17.經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌 economic transformation

　　18.經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制 operative mechanism

　　19.整頓經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序 rectify economic order

　　20.引進(jìn)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制 introduce a competitive mechanism

　　21.建立技術(shù)密集型企業(yè) set up technologically-intensive enterprises

　　22.招商引資 canvass business and introduce investment

　　23.房地產(chǎn) real estate

　　24.經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū) special economic zone

　　25.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 infrastructure facilities

　　26.豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

　　27.投資熱點(diǎn) investment hot spot

　　28.外向型經(jīng)濟(jì) export-oriented economy

　　29.按勞分配 distribute according to the work performance

　　30.打破平均主義 break / abandon equalitarian

　　31.沿海開放城市 open coastal cities

　　32.保稅區(qū) bonded zone/ area

　　33.金融改革 banking system

　　34.國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值 Gross National Product

　　35.扶貧項(xiàng)目 anti-poverty project

　　36.下海經(jīng)商 plunge into the private business

　　37.協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 coordinate the development

　　38.住房改革 housing reform

　　39.社會(huì)保障體系 social security system

　　40.數(shù)字時(shí)代 digital times

　　41.信息高速公路 the information superhighway

　　42.虛擬社區(qū) virtual communities

　　43.“菜藍(lán)子”工程 the “shopping-basket” project ( the non-staple food project)

　　44.拳頭產(chǎn)品 knock-out products/ competitive products

　　45.市場(chǎng)蕭條 slack market

　　46.中國(guó)質(zhì)量萬(wàn)里行 China’s Long March to Quality campaign

　　47.冒牌產(chǎn)品 fake brand-name products

　　48.假冒偽劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

　　49.謀取暴力 reap colossal profits

　　50.提出索賠 lodge a claim

　　51.投訴 lodge complaint

　　52.貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端 trade disputes

　　53.亂收費(fèi) random charges

　　54.市場(chǎng)疲軟 sluggish market

　　55.貿(mào)易順差 favorable trade balance

　　56.貿(mào)易逆差 unfavorable trade balance

　　57.實(shí)行優(yōu)惠政策 launch a preferential policy

　　58.繁榮市場(chǎng) flourish the market

　　59.加入世貿(mào)組織 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

　　60.最惠國(guó)待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment

　　61.消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì) consumer’s association

　　62.消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買力 consumer purchasing power

　　63.新興市場(chǎng) emerging market

　　64.抑制消費(fèi) control / inhibit consumption

　　65.無(wú)形資產(chǎn) intangible assets

　　66.有形資產(chǎn) tangible assets

　　67.市場(chǎng)占有率 market share

　　68.嚴(yán)重違約 grave breach of contract

　　69.泡沫經(jīng)濟(jì) bubble economy

　　70.品牌效應(yīng) brand effect

　　71.企業(yè)重組 reshuffle of enterprises

　　72.貿(mào)易壁壘 trade barrier

　　73.人才流失 brain drain

　　74.清理“三角債” break up the debt chain

　　75.企業(yè)文化 corporate culture

　　76.商業(yè)炒作 commercial speculation

　　77.擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，刺激消費(fèi) expand domestic demand and consumption

　　78.拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) fuel economic growth

　　79.連鎖反應(yīng) chain reaction / domino effect

　　80.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì) competitive edge

　　81.經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整 economic restructuring

　　82.經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn) economic growth point ； growth engine

　　83.經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)熱 overheated economy

　　84.經(jīng)濟(jì)滑坡 economic downturn

　　85.集約化經(jīng)營(yíng) intensive management

　　86.灰色收入 gray income

　　87.福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

　　88.分期付款 installment payment

　　89.從粗放經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧s經(jīng)濟(jì) shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

　　90.按揭購(gòu)房 buy a house on a mortgage ； mortgage a house

　　91.邊際效益 marginal benefit

　　92.不良貸款 non-performing loan

　　93.裁減冗員 lay off redundant staff； cut down on overstaffing

　　94.產(chǎn)品更新?lián)Q代 upgrade of products

　　95.創(chuàng)業(yè)園 high-tech business incubator； pioneer park

　　96.促進(jìn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化 foster integration with the global economy

　　97.家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制 household contract responsibility system

　　98.人才戰(zhàn) competition for talented people

　　99.脫貧致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

　　100.資源優(yōu)化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

　　二、政治類

　　為了考研成功，必須又紅又專，一起學(xué)學(xué)與政治有關(guān)的主題詞匯。

　　1.不正之風(fēng) bad / harmful practice

　　2.霸權(quán)主義 hegemonism

　　3.奔小康 strive for a better-off life

　　4.論資排輩 assign priority according to seniority

　　5.持續(xù)發(fā)展 sustainable development

　　6.重復(fù)建設(shè) redundant project

　　7.大鍋飯 egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot)

　　8.多極化 multi-polarization

　　9.科學(xué)技術(shù)是第一生產(chǎn)力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

　　10.機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫 overstaffing in organization

　　11.機(jī)構(gòu)改革 institutional restructuring； streamlining

　　12.反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

　　13.窗口行業(yè) service trade

　　14.核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 core competitiveness

　　15.減員增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

　　16.減輕農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān) reduce farmer’s burdens； lighten the burden on them

　　17.跨越式發(fā)展 great-leap-forward development

　　18.跨世紀(jì)發(fā)展 trans-century project

　　19.民主集中制 democratic centralism

　　20.講誠(chéng)信﹑反欺詐 honor credibility and oppose cheating

　　21.強(qiáng)權(quán)外交 power diplomacy

　　22.人浮于事 overstaffing

　　23.侵吞公款 embezzle public funds

　　24.群帶關(guān)系 networking through petticoat influence

　　25.求同存異

　　seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

　　26.濫用權(quán)力 abuse one’s power； misuse one’s authority

　　27.廉政建設(shè) build a clean and honest government

　　28.三步走戰(zhàn)略 the three-step development strategy

　　29.三講教育

　　three emphases education—emphasize theoretical study， political awareness and good conduct

　　30.三峽工程 Three gorges project

　　31.貪污腐化 corruption and degeneration

　　32.思想僵硬 fossilized concept

　　33.西部開發(fā) the development of China’s west

　　34.發(fā)展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

　　35.堅(jiān)持四項(xiàng)基本原則 uphold the four cardinal principles

　　36.地方保護(hù)主義 regional protectionism

　　37.拜金主義 money worship

　　38.行賄受賄 give and take bribery

　　39.走后門 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

　　40.和平演變 peaceful evolution

　　41.貪臟枉法 take bribes and bend the law

　　42.以權(quán)謀私 abusing power for money

　　43.拉關(guān)系 try to establish a relationship with sb.

　　44.權(quán)錢交易 trading power for money

　　45.掃黃運(yùn)動(dòng) anti-pornography campaign

　　46.公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds

　　47.“一國(guó)兩制”的原則 the principle of “one country， two systems：”

　　48.兩大主題 two principle themes

　　49.堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)立場(chǎng) stick to one-China position

　　50.全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì) National People’s Congress

　　51.與國(guó)際接軌 synchronize with the world； accord with international norms

　　52.社會(huì)主義物質(zhì)文明 socialist material wellbeing

　　53.社會(huì)主義精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

　　54.實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

　　55.歪風(fēng)邪氣 unhealthy practices and evil phenomena

　　56.溫暖工程 adequate food and clothing program

　　57.知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán) intellectual property right

　　58.綜合國(guó)力 comprehensive national strength

　　59.最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

　　60.政企分開 separate government functions from enterprise management

　　61.與時(shí)俱進(jìn) keep pace with the times

　　62.閑置人員 idle hand

　　63.養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn) endowment insurance

　　64.以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

　　65.下崗職工基本生活費(fèi) subsistence allowance for laid-off workers

　　66.世界觀﹑人生觀﹑價(jià)值觀 world outlook， outlook on life and values

　　67.實(shí)事求是 seek truth from facts

　　68.試點(diǎn)工程 pilot project

　　69.政府廉潔高效 clean and efficient government

　　70.戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系 strategic partnership

　　三、環(huán)境法律醫(yī)療類

　　除了以上兩類，環(huán)境、法律和醫(yī)療也是很熱門容易考的主題，因?yàn)槎际歉鐣?huì)生活息息相關(guān)的領(lǐng)域，多點(diǎn)了解也是非常好的。

　　1.溫室效應(yīng) green-house effect

　　2.沙漠化 desertification

　　3.過(guò)度放牧 overgrazing

　　4.過(guò)度捕魚 over-fishing

　　5.濫砍亂伐 clear-cutting

　　6.退耕還林 return cultivated land to forest

　　7.沙塵暴 sand storm

　　8.生態(tài)危機(jī) ecological forest

　　9.破壞生態(tài)平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

　　10.自然保護(hù)區(qū) nature reserve

　　11.環(huán)境綠化 environmental greening

　　12.禽流感 bird flu

　　13.瘋牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

　　14.口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

　　15.非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

　　16.偷稅﹑騙稅 tax evasion and tax fraud

　　17.掃黃打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

　　18.嚴(yán)打斗爭(zhēng) strike-hard campaign

　　19.公正合理的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序

　　a new and rational new international political and economic order

　　20.外交紛爭(zhēng) diplomatic disputes

　　21.維護(hù)世界和平 safeguard world peace

　　22.國(guó)際慣例 international common practice

　　23.民族分裂主義 ethnic separatism

　　24.宗教極端主義 religious extremism

　　25.世界的基本格局 basic world pattern

　　（實(shí)習(xí)小編：加油豬）