英語(yǔ)名師講作文：八大技巧豐富你的句型

　　【摘要】英語(yǔ)作文中使用模板我們會(huì)得到一定的基礎(chǔ)分，但是想出色得高分，就要與眾不同，句式多變?？纯佳袔陀⒄Z(yǔ)名師方會(huì)巖老師教你如何練就高分技巧。

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　　考研英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作高分黃金原則就是：不走尋常路。寫(xiě)作模板，固定句型鋪天蓋地，人人都用，你又怎能閃亮。怎樣在統(tǒng)一的模式中脫穎而出？詞匯多變，句型豐富是重點(diǎn)，前者比較容易做到，后者需要扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ)?？佳袔兔麕煼綍?huì)巖老師為大家總結(jié)了豐富句子結(jié)構(gòu)的八大語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，能幫你快速訓(xùn)練出寫(xiě)作的高分技巧。

　　?1. 主動(dòng)句變被動(dòng)句

　　“英文多被動(dòng)，漢語(yǔ)多主動(dòng)”，還需要警惕名詞與動(dòng)詞之間暗含的“主被動(dòng)”關(guān)系。

　　Eg1: It is said that …據(jù)說(shuō)/相傳

　　Eg2：I suggest that …  It is suggested that …

　　Eg3：Effective measures should be taken before things get worse.表建議

　　Eg4: your prompt attention to my enquiry would be highly appreciated. 表感激

　　Eg5：Students should study hard.

　　     Students are expected / well-advised to study hard.

　　?2. 簡(jiǎn)單句變從句

　　名詞性從句，含主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句四種；定語(yǔ)從句；狀語(yǔ)從句

　　A. 主語(yǔ)從句：

　　Eg1：What worries many parents is that Internet or computer games may impact kids’ study.

　　Eg2：It is said that an emperor of ancient China discovered Tea 5,000 years ago.  (it為形式主語(yǔ)；that從句為真正主語(yǔ))

　　B.賓語(yǔ)從句：

　　Eg1：Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life is measured by how much they can borrow, not by how much they can earn.

　　Eg2: I am convinced that it is of great necessity for youngsters to study hard.

　　Eg3：明智的人不為別人的想法所影響。The sensible man is not influenced by what other people think.

　　C. 表語(yǔ)從句：

　　Eg1：That is why China is called the “Kingdom of Bicycles”.

　　Eg3：In team games, practice is what improves our sense of cooperation.

　　D. 同位語(yǔ)從句

　　Eg1：(Martin Luther King) I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."  (該句中a dream = that 從句，)

　　Eg2：Others hold the different idea that online shopping brings us some problems.

　　E. 含同位語(yǔ)句式

　　A．人 身份

　　Eg. I am convinced that …

　　    As a college student, I am convinced that …

　　    I, as a college student, am convinced that …

　　B.  物 性質(zhì)

　　Eg. A strong will brings us power …

　　    As a vital quality, a strong will brings us power…

　　    A strong will, as a vital quality, brings us power…

　　插入語(yǔ)

　　Eg1：As I see, the causes of this phenomenon are diverse.

　　     The causes of this phenomenon, as I see, are diverse.

　　Eg2：All of a sudden, the silence of the lake was broken by a scream.

　　     The silence of the lake, all of a sudden, was broken by a scream.

　　Eg3：Even so, others hold a different view.

　　     Others, even so, hold a different view.

　　Eg4：Like anything else, automobiles have more than one side. (汽車跟很多其他事物一樣，具有兩面性)

　　     Automobiles, like anything else, have more than one side.

　　F. 定語(yǔ)從句：

　　步驟：1）先寫(xiě)出正確簡(jiǎn)單句，確定被修飾成分（中心名詞）

　　2）在中心名詞后加入定從，關(guān)系詞who, whose, whom,  where, which, when

　　Eg1：Taobao is a particularly popular website. ? Taobao is a particularly popular website, where/in which customers can purchase various goods.

　　Eg2：I will advice my foreign friend to visit Great Wall, where he or she can acquire knowledge of Chinese history.?

　　?3. it 句式

　　A. 形式主語(yǔ) it is +被動(dòng)/形容詞/名詞+that從句/to do …

　　Eg1：It is suggested/ well-advised / supposed / proposed that sb. should (not) do …

　　Eg2：It is essential / necessary / advisable / convenient/ difficult/ hard/ comfortable for sb. (not) to do

　　Eg3：It is essential / necessary that sb. should (not) do …

　　Eg4：It is useless/useful doing sth.

　　B. 形式賓語(yǔ)

　　Eg1：An increasing number of students find it difficult to spell common words correctly.

　　Eg2：An increasing number of parents find it hard to have opportunities to chat with kids, who spend too much time on computers.

　　Eg3：A host of youngsters find it rather boring and hard to understand literature.

　　?4. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　　A. 強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)：

　　Eg1：I love you. /I do love you. / I did love you.

　　Eg2：Cell phone/ Internet/ computer brings us convenience.

　　     Cell phone/ Internet/ computer does bring us convenience.

　　B. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+句子其他成分。

　　【步驟】

　　a. 先寫(xiě)出正確的簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句或復(fù)合句，明確單句的各個(gè)成分。

　　b. 在被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分（除謂語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)外）兩邊添加it is/was 和that/who， 其他成分不變，必要時(shí)調(diào)整順序。

　　【強(qiáng)調(diào)句式特征】去掉it is/was…that/who結(jié)構(gòu)，整個(gè)句子無(wú)冗余或成分殘缺。

　　Eg1：My mother always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.

　　     It is my mother who/that always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study.

　　     It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lose heart.

　　Eg2：Parents’ protection does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.

　?。◤?qiáng)調(diào)句式否定形式）It is parents’ protection that does not enable kids to build up adequate ability to face social competition.

　　Eg3：The Internet does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.

　　     It is the Internet that does not enable some youngsters to spend adequate time in chatting with others face to face.

　　?5. 倒裝

　　A. 表否定的副詞、短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)位于主語(yǔ)之前或句首，主句半倒裝(一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序)；如never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, on no account, by mo means, in no case,

　　Eg1：I will never agree.   Never will I agree.

　　B. Only +狀語(yǔ)位于句首，主句半倒裝。

　　Eg1：When my beloved is beside myself, I can feel the true happiness.

　　     Only when my beloved is beside myself, can I feel the true happiness.

　　Eg2：When his computer crashes, he will come down-stairs for something to eat.

　　     Only when his computer crashes, will he come down-stairs for something to eat.

　　Eg3：By doing small things, teenagers can accumulate ability and experience for something big.

　　     Only doing small thing, can teenagers accumulate ability and experience for something big.

　　C．As/though倒裝形式

　　Eg1：Although she is a girl, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.

　　     Girl as she is, Zeng Yike is called Brother Zeng.

　　Eg2：Though it is convenient, online shopping leads to some problems.

　　     Convenient as/though it is, online shopping leads to some problems.

　　Eg3：Although it is simple, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.

　　     Simple as it is, what the picture conveys is thought-provoking.

　　?6．雙重否定：

　　Eg1：no ____ is / are more _____ than ________.

　　     In contemporary society, no means of communication is more popular and common than cell phones.

　　Eg2：A strong will is very important.

　　     The importance of a strong will cannot be too emphasized.

　　Eg3：Education helps people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　     Without education, it is impossible for people to acquire knowledge, skills and new visions.

　　?7. Ving/ved 狀語(yǔ)

　　A. 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且主語(yǔ)一致，將次要?jiǎng)幼鲗?xiě)成v-ing或v-ed形式做狀語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)寫(xiě)成v-ing形式、為被動(dòng)關(guān)系是寫(xiě)成V-ed形式。

　　Eg1：I climbed the stairs. I took a suitcase.

　　     I climbed the stairs, taking a suitcase.

　　     Climbing the stairs, I took a suitcase.

　　Eg2：When they are compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　     Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in several ways.

　　     Bicycles, compared with cars, are superior in several ways.

　　B．兩個(gè)動(dòng)作主語(yǔ)一致，但前后發(fā)生，則可將先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作寫(xiě)成Having +ved形式。

　　Eg1：He had lived in this city for years. He had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　     Having lived in this city for years, he had no difficulty finding the way home.

　　?8. 排比結(jié)構(gòu)

　　Eg1：Studies serve for delight, for ornament and for ability. （Bacon）

　　Eg2：We shall fight on the hills. We shall fight in the streets. We shall fight blood and sweet and tears. （Churchill）

　　Eg3：作為一種重要素質(zhì)，自信帶給我們力量、喚起我們對(duì)生活的熱愛(ài)、幫助我們戰(zhàn)勝困難。

　　     As a vital quality, confidence brings us power, arouses our enthusiasm for life, and helps us to conquer difficulties.

　　【方老師寄語(yǔ)】考研英語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作，通過(guò)模板句型，經(jīng)典的例句完全可以得到比較理想的分?jǐn)?shù)，因?yàn)?ldquo;言簡(jiǎn)意賅”就是它的特點(diǎn)。而大作文對(duì)于語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上的要求要高幾個(gè)level，只是模式化的文字已經(jīng)不足以打動(dòng)考官，需要在原有的結(jié)構(gòu)上進(jìn)一步創(chuàng)新，讓考官看的跌宕起伏，還是昏昏欲睡才是高低分的關(guān)鍵所在。

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